The article is devoted to the foreign policy guidelines in relations between the Republic of Tajikistan and Afghanistan in the period of 2015-2016, when the tenure of the International Coalition for Security in Afghanistan (ISAF) was coming to its end. However, the real picture in Afghanistan showed something else. In the country where security was not fully established, the unsettled state of Afghan society still presented threat. Instability in military –political and interethnic spheres still did not cease. Against this background, the ongoing constructive relations with the Republic of Tajikistan are of interest, when the Head of the State Emomali Rahmon took initiatives as to important areas of relations between the parties where the humanitarian constituent comes to the forefront.
Key-words: Republic of Tajikistan, President of the Republic of Tajikistan Emomali Rahmon, Afghanistan, challenges and threats, post-conflict economic recovery, agricultural sector, hydropower sector
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